Gas-stove.



M. .LAGHNER.

GAS STOVE.

APPLICATION FILED DBO. e, 1909.

71,024,585. Patented Apr. 30, 1912.

MARTIN LACHINEB OF BRUNSWICK, GERMANY.

GAS-STOVE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 30, 1912.

Application filed. December 6, 1909. Serial No. 531,568.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MARTIN LACHNER, a subject of the Emperor of Germany, residing at Brunswick, in Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gas-Stoves, of which the following is a specification.

The chief products of the combustion of lighting gas are, as is well known, steam and carbonic acid. While, however, the carbonic acid escapes as a dry gas, steam settles as water on any surfaces with which it comes into contact, the temperature of which is less than 100 C. To each unit of volume of condensation corresponds the separation of a more than 1,000 times greater volume of steam, so that each unit of volume of condensation taking place in the interior of the gas furnace produces a'considerable rarefaction of gas, which results in an increased flow of combustion gases, that is to say, assists and supports the combustion process of the heating flame. It is, therefore, of great importance for the heating effect to keep up the state in question. For the purpose of maintaining it, it is necessary-firstly that the condensation should settle inside the furnace on the smallest possible surface in the greatest possible density; secondly that revaporation should be avoided as far as possible and that the condensation should be removed from the stove outward as quickly and as completely as possible, immediately after its formation.

A construction of the stove according to this invention is illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawing in which,

Figure 1 is a front elevation and Fig. 2 a side elevation.

Close above a gas burner a is arranged a heating bell b which gradually passes upward into a tubular coil 0 made of a material which is a good conductor of heat. The heating bell b is hammered out of thin sheet metal and can be removed at any moment together with the coil. The tubular coil 0 of a material which is a good conductor of heat, is placed with its slightly widened bottom end over the upper orifice of the heating bell so that it closes well, and at the upper end enters an iron sleeve ar ranged in the wall of the chimney. In order to avoid lateral movement of the coil, it must be slightly forced into the corresponding opening of the wall plate. The tubul lar coil is of such length that during continuous heating the temperature of the combustion gases escaping into the chimney will not rise much above the temperature of the room. The heating process takes place in the following manner :-The chief combustion products formed on the heating flame being lighted, highly superheated steam and carbonic acid, escape from the flame with approximately the same temperature as that of the flame itself and, therefore, pass quickly upward. The greatest portion of the heat given off, is absorbed by the heating bell which gives off its heat to the room direct by radiation. The combustion gases pass, therefore, into the outlet or discharge pipe of the coil after having been considerably cooled, but still much hotter than 100 0., so that condensation can take place only in the coil proper, at a certain distance from the heating bell. The r'arefaction of gas taking place in the coil owing to condensation, enables the cross-section of the coiled pipe to be made very small. The smaller the proportion of the cross-sectional area to its circumference, the quicker the cooling of the combustion gases and the condensation will take place, and, therefore, the condensation will be precipitated on a smaller surface and with greater density on the bottom of the tube or pipe. The path along which it flows back, is limited to a minimum, and all the points from which the condensation could be efficiently discharged outward, are exactly determined and well known.

At the beginning of the heating, and when the heating is slight condensation takes place near the heating bell. When the heating continues for a long time and is strong. it extends over the whole length of the coiled pipe beginning with the point where its temperature is 100 C. and less. Only as much steam passes therefore into the chimney as corresponds to the degree of saturation of the temperature of the escaping gases, that is to say, approximately of the room temperature. In running back along the bottom of the coil pipe, the condensation comes to points which are more and more strongly heated, again evaporates and again condenses at higher and colder places.

If the favorable result of a rarefaction of gas is to be constantly maintained by condensation in the discharge or outlet chamber of the combustion gases, and if a reevaporation of the condensation is to be avoided as far as possible, it will be therefore, necessary, in accordance with the foregoing description, to discharge the condensation from the discharge or outlet chamber immediately it is formed namely, at as many places as possible, distributed along the whole coil pipe at regular distances apart, on the bottom, that is to say, at least once from each convolution of the pipe which in this construction is helical.

The short discharge or outlet pipes (Z which are arranged in. each convolution at the bottom of the pipe, are soldered or slightly bent outward, and the condensation is carried into the outlet pipe E. The outlet pipe can also be let into the wall. The bell reflector f arranged close above the burner and forcing away from the wall the heat radiated by the heating bell, protects also the discharge pipes for the condensation from immediate radiation by the heating bell, while the wall reflector throws back the radiating heat of the heating coil.

The store burns absolutely without any smell and is a powerful ventilator which draws the air required for combustion, from the bottom and quickly carries away tobacco smoke, chimney fumes and other fumes. It is, therefore, specially adapted for heating that during continuous heating the temperature of the combustion gases escaping therefrom Wlll not be much above the tempera- 40 ture of the room being heated, a relatively large bell at the base of said tube,

said bell being adapted to be placed over a burner, condensed water discharge tubes leading from each convolution of the helical tube and situated at equidistant points in said tube, a plate having heat reflectors arranged above the bell and the coiled tube as set forth, and an outlet pipe arranged behind the said plate and with which outlet pipe the discharge tube of each of the separate coils of the coiled tube communicate.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

MARTIN LACHNER.

Witnesses:

JULIUs SEOKEL, Gnono Isms.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each,

by addressing the Commissioner of Patents.

Washington, D. C. 

